Organisation questions

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Organisation question collection

Review Organisation questions for Biology, with correct answers shown and coverage across levels of biological organisation; digestive enzymes; heart and blood vessels.

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Question 1

Why are digestive enzymes described as biological catalysts?
  1. They speed up digestion reactions without being used up
  2. They are broken down to release energy for cells
  3. They dissolve food by osmosis
  4. They are absorbed unchanged into blood

Question 2

What does amylase mainly digest?
  1. Starch into sugars
  2. Proteins into amino acids
  3. Lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
  4. Cellulose into glucose in humans

Question 3

What do protease enzymes digest proteins into?
  1. Amino acids
  2. Simple sugars
  3. Fatty acids and glycerol
  4. Carbon dioxide and water

Question 4

What do lipase enzymes break down lipids into?
  1. Fatty acids and glycerol
  2. Amino acids
  3. Glucose and oxygen
  4. Starch and maltose

Question 5

Where is bile produced?
  1. Liver
  2. Gall bladder
  3. Pancreas
  4. Small intestine

Question 6

Where is bile stored before release into the small intestine?
  1. Gall bladder
  2. Liver
  3. Pancreas
  4. Stomach

Question 7

What does bile emulsification do?
  1. Forms small fat droplets
  2. Hydrolyses fat to glycerol
  3. Neutralises stomach acid
  4. Absorbs fat into lacteals

Question 8

Which villus feature provides a large absorption surface?
  1. Microvilli on epithelial cells
  2. One-cell-thick epithelium
  3. Dense capillary network
  4. A lacteal in each villus

Question 9

What is the main function of the heart?
  1. To pump blood around the body
  2. To produce red blood cells
  3. To filter urea from blood
  4. To absorb oxygen from inhaled air

Question 10

Where do coronary arteries receive the blood they supply?
  1. The aorta
  2. The vena cava
  3. The pulmonary artery
  4. The pulmonary vein

Question 11

What mainly causes coronary heart disease?
  1. Fatty deposits narrow coronary arteries
  2. A clot blocks the vena cava
  3. Heart valves allow backflow
  4. Heart muscle contracts too strongly

Question 12

What does a coronary stent do?
  1. Keeps a narrowed artery open
  2. Lowers blood cholesterol
  3. Replaces a damaged valve
  4. Reroutes blood around a blockage

Question 13

What are statins used to do?
  1. Reduce blood cholesterol
  2. Hold coronary arteries open
  3. Reroute blood around blockages
  4. Replace damaged heart valves

Question 14

Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
  1. Artery
  2. Vein
  3. Capillary
  4. Venule

Question 15

Why do arteries have thick muscular and elastic walls?
  1. To withstand and maintain high blood pressure
  2. To allow one-way valves to open
  3. To maximise diffusion over a short distance
  4. To carry blood at very low pressure

Question 16

Why do veins contain valves?
  1. To prevent backflow of blood
  2. To increase diffusion of oxygen
  3. To generate pulse pressure
  4. To produce red blood cells

Question 17

What is the benefit of one-cell-thick capillary walls?
  1. Short diffusion distance
  2. High-pressure resistance
  3. Backflow prevention
  4. Pulse maintenance

Question 18

What is the main role of plasma in blood?
  1. Transport dissolved substances around the body
  2. Carry oxygen using haemoglobin
  3. Destroy pathogens by phagocytosis
  4. Cause clotting by forming fibrin

Question 19

Which pair adapts red blood cells to carry oxygen?
  1. Haemoglobin and biconcave shape
  2. Haemoglobin and a nucleus
  3. Biconcave shape and chlorophyll
  4. Large surface area and antibodies

Question 20

Which tissue transports dissolved sugars around a plant?
  1. Phloem
  2. Xylem
  3. Epidermis
  4. Mesophyll

Question 21

Which bile action creates alkaline conditions in the small intestine?
  1. Neutralising stomach acid
  2. Emulsifying fat droplets
  3. Activating stomach protease
  4. Breaking starch into sugars

Question 22

Why can high temperature reduce enzyme activity?
  1. The active site changes shape
  2. Substrate concentration falls
  3. More active sites form
  4. The pH reaches its optimum

Question 23

Which blood component starts clot formation?
  1. Platelets
  2. Red blood cells
  3. Lymphocytes
  4. Plasma

Question 24

Which heart chamber pumps blood to the body?
  1. Left ventricle
  2. Right ventricle
  3. Left atrium
  4. Right atrium

Question 25

What does a rich capillary supply maintain in villi?
  1. A steep concentration gradient
  2. A large surface area
  3. A short diffusion distance
  4. An alkaline pH

Question 26

What does xylem transport?
  1. Water and mineral ions
  2. Dissolved sugars
  3. Amino acids
  4. Oxygen in blood

Question 27

Which feature helps root hair cells absorb mineral ions?
  1. Many mitochondria
  2. A large vacuole
  3. Many chloroplasts
  4. A thick cellulose wall

Question 28

What is transpiration?
  1. Loss of water vapour from leaves
  2. Movement of sugars through phloem
  3. Uptake of mineral ions by roots
  4. Movement of pollen between flowers

Question 29

What is cancer?
  1. Uncontrolled cell division
  2. Programmed cell death
  3. Specialised cell differentiation
  4. Controlled tissue repair

Question 30

Heart rate is \(70\,\mathrm{min^{-1}}\) and stroke volume is \(80\,\mathrm{cm^3}\). What is cardiac output?
  1. \(5600\,\mathrm{cm^3/min}\)
  2. \(150\,\mathrm{cm^3/min}\)
  3. \(0.875\,\mathrm{cm^3/min}\)
  4. \(1.14\,\mathrm{cm^3/min}\)

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Review Organisation questions for Biology, with correct answers shown and coverage across levels of biological organisation; digestive enzymes; heart and blood vessels.

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