Cells questions

By Interwoven Maths

Cells question collection

Review Cells questions for Biology, with correct answers shown and coverage across cell structures and functions; microscopy and magnification; diffusion, osmosis and active transport.

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Question 1

Which type of cell lacks a membrane-bound nucleus?
  1. Prokaryotic cell
  2. Eukaryotic cell
  3. Plant cell
  4. Animal cell

Question 2

In most bacterial cells, where is the main genetic material found?
  1. In the cytoplasm as a circular DNA loop
  2. In a nucleus as linear chromosomes
  3. In chloroplasts as circular DNA loops
  4. In mitochondria as circular DNA loops

Question 3

What are plasmids in bacteria?
  1. Small rings of extra DNA
  2. Membrane-bound organelles for respiration
  3. Protein-making organelles
  4. Large vacuoles full of cell sap

Question 4

What is the function of ribosomes?
  1. Protein synthesis
  2. Aerobic respiration
  3. Storage of cell sap
  4. Control of cell activities

Question 5

What does resolution mean in microscopy?
  1. Ability to distinguish two close points
  2. How large the image appears
  3. How thick the specimen is
  4. How bright the lamp is

Question 6

Which equation is used to calculate magnification?
  1. \(\text{magnification} = \frac{\text{image size}}{\text{real size}}\)
  2. \(\text{magnification} = \text{image size} \times \text{real size}\)
  3. \(\text{magnification} = \frac{\text{real size}}{\text{image size}}\)
  4. \(\text{magnification} = \text{real size} - \text{image size}\)

Question 7

A cell image is \(40\,\mathrm{mm}\) and the real cell is \(0.2\,\mathrm{mm}\). What is the magnification?
  1. \(200\times\)
  2. \(8\times\)
  3. \(20\times\)
  4. \(400\times\)

Question 8

A bacterium is \(5\,\mathrm{\mu m}\) long. What is this in millimetres?
  1. \(0.005\,\mathrm{mm}\)
  2. \(0.05\,\mathrm{mm}\)
  3. \(0.0005\,\mathrm{mm}\)
  4. \(5\,\mathrm{mm}\)

Question 9

What is a stem cell?
  1. An unspecialised cell able to divide and differentiate
  2. A specialised cell adapted for one function
  3. A reproductive cell with one chromosome set
  4. A cell formed when two gametes fuse

Question 10

Which cells can differentiate into many different cell types in early development?
  1. Embryonic stem cells
  2. Red blood cells
  3. Nerve cells
  4. Muscle fibres

Question 11

In plants, where are stem cells mainly found?
  1. Meristem tissue
  2. Xylem vessels
  3. Phloem vessels
  4. Guard cells

Question 12

Why is cell differentiation important in multicellular organisms?
  1. It produces cells specialised for different functions
  2. It gives each cell type a different genetic code
  3. It combines many cells into one larger cell
  4. It makes mature tissues stop using energy

Question 13

Which adaptation of a sperm cell helps it swim toward an egg?
  1. A flagellum
  2. A large permanent vacuole
  3. A cellulose cell wall
  4. Chloroplasts

Question 14

Which adaptation helps root hair cells absorb water and mineral ions?
  1. A long projection giving a large surface area
  2. A thick waxy layer reducing water loss
  3. Many chloroplasts absorbing light
  4. A large vacuole storing cell sap

Question 15

What is diffusion?
  1. Net movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration
  2. Movement of water through a partially permeable membrane
  3. Movement of particles from low concentration to high concentration using energy
  4. Random movement of whole cells in blood

Question 16

What is osmosis?
  1. Net movement of water through a partially permeable membrane from dilute to concentrated solution
  2. Net movement of solute particles from high to low concentration
  3. Movement of water from concentrated to dilute solution using energy
  4. Diffusion of oxygen into red blood cells

Question 17

Which process moves substances from low to high concentration using energy from respiration?
  1. Active transport
  2. Diffusion
  3. Osmosis
  4. Condensation

Question 18

Why can root hair cells take up mineral ions even when soil concentration is lower than inside the cell?
  1. They use active transport
  2. They use osmosis
  3. They use simple diffusion
  4. They use transpiration in the nucleus

Question 19

What usually happens to an animal cell in a very dilute solution?
  1. It gains water and may burst
  2. It loses water and shrinks
  3. It becomes turgid because of a cell wall
  4. It stops diffusion completely

Question 20

Why can an electron microscope show more detail than a light microscope?
  1. It has higher resolution
  2. It has lower magnification
  3. It always uses living specimens
  4. It does not need a vacuum

Question 21

Which two processes use mitosis in multicellular organisms?
  1. Growth and tissue repair
  2. Gamete production and fertilisation
  3. Digestion and absorption
  4. Respiration and excretion

Question 22

How many genetically identical daughter cells are made by mitosis?
  1. Two
  2. One
  3. Four
  4. Eight

Question 23

What is active transport?
  1. Movement against a concentration gradient using energy
  2. Movement down a concentration gradient without energy
  3. Water movement through a partially permeable membrane
  4. Particle movement carried by a flowing fluid

Question 24

Why can active transport be needed in the small intestine?
  1. To absorb glucose against its concentration gradient
  2. To move water down its water-potential gradient
  3. To move oxygen down its concentration gradient
  4. To digest starch into glucose

Question 25

What can uncontrolled division of transplanted stem cells cause?
  1. A tumour
  2. Tissue rejection
  3. Cell differentiation
  4. An immune memory response

Question 26

What is a pathogen culture used for in science?
  1. Studying microorganisms under controlled conditions
  2. Growing plant roots
  3. Measuring pulse rate
  4. Testing bone strength

Question 27

Why are inoculated agar plates sealed with tape?
  1. To reduce contamination and exposure to cultured microbes
  2. To prevent oxygen entering the plate
  3. To stop the agar supplying nutrients
  4. To raise the incubation temperature

Question 28

An image is \(40\,\mathrm{mm}\) wide; the cell is \(0.04\,\mathrm{mm}\). What is the magnification?
  1. \(1000\times\)
  2. \(10\times\)
  3. \(100\times\)
  4. \(10000\times\)

Question 29

Why are biological specimens often stained before viewing?
  1. To make structures easier to see
  2. To increase cell division
  3. To make cells produce more energy
  4. To remove the cell membrane

Question 30

How does a thin exchange surface increase diffusion rate?
  1. It shortens the diffusion distance
  2. It increases the surface temperature
  3. It supplies energy for active transport
  4. It raises the concentration on both sides

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Review Cells questions for Biology, with correct answers shown and coverage across cell structures and functions; microscopy and magnification; diffusion, osmosis and active transport.

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