Question 1
Crude oil is best described as?
-
A finite mixture of hydrocarbons
-
A pure alkane
-
A renewable biofuel
-
A compound made only of carbon
Question 2
Which elements does a hydrocarbon contain?
-
Carbon and hydrogen only
-
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
-
Carbon and oxygen only
-
Hydrogen and oxygen only
Question 3
What is the general formula for alkanes?
-
CnH2n+2
-
CnH2n
-
CnHn
-
CnH2n-2
Question 4
Which formula is hexane?
-
C6H14
-
C6H12
-
C6H6
-
C6H16
Question 5
Which carbon-bond pattern is saturated?
-
Single bonds only
-
At least one double bond
-
At least one triple bond
-
Alternating single and double bonds
Question 6
What are the products of complete alkane combustion?
-
Carbon dioxide and water
-
Carbon monoxide and water
-
Carbon and water
-
Carbon dioxide and hydrogen
Question 7
When is incomplete combustion more likely?
-
A limited supply of oxygen
-
An excess of oxygen
-
A catalyst
-
Low pressure nitrogen
Question 8
Why is carbon monoxide dangerous?
-
Competes with oxygen for haemoglobin
-
Inflames lungs as an acidic gas
-
Damages DNA with ionising radiation
-
Displaces oxygen while chemically inert
Question 9
As alkane chains lengthen, their boiling points...
-
Increase
-
Decrease
-
Stay constant
-
Rise then fall
Question 10
Why do longer-chain hydrocarbons have higher boiling points?
-
They have stronger intermolecular forces between molecules
-
They have ionic bonds between molecules
-
Their covalent bonds are easier to break
-
They contain more oxygen atoms
Question 11
Fractional distillation separates crude oil fractions mainly by differences in what property?
-
Boiling point
-
Colour
-
pH
-
Density
Question 12
Where are low-boiling fractions collected in a fractionating column?
-
Near the top
-
Near the bottom
-
Around the middle
-
At several levels
Question 13
Which purpose does cracking serve?
-
Increasing short-chain fuel supply
-
Removing sulfur compounds
-
Separating boiling-point fractions
-
Converting alkenes into polymers
Question 14
Which conditions are used for catalytic cracking?
-
High temperature and catalyst
-
Low temperature and catalyst
-
High temperature and water
-
Ultraviolet light and chlorine
Question 15
What is the general formula of alkenes?
-
CnH2n
-
CnH2n+2
-
CnHn
-
CnH2n-2
Question 16
What forms when ethene reacts with hydrogen?
-
Ethane
-
Ethanol
-
Ethanoic acid
-
Poly(ethene)
Question 17
What product forms when ethene is hydrated?
-
Ethanol
-
Ethanoic acid
-
Methanol
-
Propane
Question 18
Which process produces ethanol by fermentation?
-
Yeast without oxygen
-
Ethene with steam
-
Alkanes over a catalyst
-
Ethanol with acidified dichromate
Question 19
Carboxylic acids in water are generally?
-
Weak acids
-
Strong alkalis
-
Neutral salts
-
Insoluble bases
Question 20
Which equation represents complete combustion of ethene?
-
\(\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{4} + 3\mathrm{O}_{2} \to 2\mathrm{CO}_{2} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\)
-
\(\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{4} + \mathrm{O}_{2} \to 2\mathrm{CO} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\)
-
\(\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{4} + 2\mathrm{O}_{2} \to 2\mathrm{CO}_{2} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\)
-
\(2\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{4} + \mathrm{O}_{2} \to 4\mathrm{CO}_{2} + 2\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\)
Question 21
Ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid. Which products form?
-
Ethyl ethanoate and water
-
Ethene and water
-
Ethanal and hydrogen
-
Methanol and carbon dioxide
Question 22
Which description is cracking?
-
Splitting long hydrocarbons into shorter ones
-
Joining alkenes into polymers
-
Separating fractions by boiling point
-
Oxidising alcohols into acids
Question 23
Why are alkenes more reactive than alkanes?
-
They contain a carbon-carbon double bond
-
They contain fewer carbon atoms
-
They contain ionic bonds
-
They have only single carbon-carbon bonds
Question 24
Which gas forms when a carboxylic acid reacts with a carbonate?
-
Carbon dioxide
-
Hydrogen
-
Oxygen
-
Methane
Question 25
What colour change shows bromine water reacting with an alkene?
-
Orange to colourless
-
Colourless to orange
-
Blue to red
-
Green to purple
Question 26
Which functional group defines an alcohol?
-
Hydroxyl
-
Carboxyl
-
Carbonyl
-
Amino
Question 27
Which pair are common uses of ethanol?
-
Fuel and solvent
-
Fuel and oxidiser
-
Fertiliser and solvent
-
Catalyst and refrigerant
Question 28
Which functional group defines a carboxylic acid?
-
Carboxyl
-
Hydroxyl
-
Carbonyl
-
Ester
Question 29
Which molecules form addition polymers?
-
Alkene monomers
-
Alkane molecules
-
Alcohol molecules
-
Carboxylic acids
Question 30
Which property makes many polymers persist in landfill?
-
Slow biodegradation
-
High water solubility
-
Low melting point
-
Rapid oxidation