Question 1
What is electric current?
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A flow of electric charge
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A build-up of stationary charge
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A transfer of thermal energy
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A force between magnetic poles
Question 2
Which unit is used to measure electric current?
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Ampere (A)
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Volt (V)
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Ohm (Ω)
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Joule (J)
Question 3
What is potential difference (voltage)?
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Energy transferred per unit charge
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The current lost per second
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The resistance of the wire
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The temperature of the source
Question 4
What does resistance describe?
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How much a component opposes the current
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How fast charges move past each other
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The number of electrons in the wire
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The brightness of a bulb
Question 5
How does current behave in a series circuit?
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Same at every point
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Lower after each component
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Divided equally between components
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Greatest beside the battery
Question 6
How does potential difference behave across parallel branches?
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Same across each branch
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Divided equally among the branches
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Lower across branches farther from the cell
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Greater across branches with lower resistance
Question 7
What happens to total resistance when resistors are added in series?
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It increases
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It decreases
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It stays unchanged
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It becomes the resistance of one resistor
Question 8
Which material is a good electrical conductor?
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Copper
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Plastic
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Glass
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Dry wood
Question 9
What does a fuse do?
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Melts if current exceeds its rating
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Carries fault current safely to earth
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Reduces the mains potential difference
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Switches off when an appliance overheats
Question 10
What is the role of an earth wire?
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Carry fault current safely to earth
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Supply current to the appliance
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Return normal current to the supply
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Melt when current exceeds a safe value
Question 11
In the UK, what colour is the live wire that carries ~\(230\,\mathrm{V}\)?
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Brown
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Blue
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Green
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White
Question 12
What happens when a switch is opened?
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The circuit breaks and current stops
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The switch bypasses the component
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A new parallel branch is connected
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The current reverses direction
Question 13
Which energy transfer occurs in a resistor?
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Electrical energy to thermal energy
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Electrical energy to chemical energy
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Thermal energy to gravitational energy
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Chemical energy to elastic energy
Question 14
Where is an ammeter placed to measure current through a component?
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In series with the component
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In parallel across the component
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Across the power supply
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Across an open switch
Question 15
Where is a voltmeter placed to measure a component?
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In parallel across the component
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In series before the component
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In series after the component
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Across the ammeter
Question 16
How can static electricity be produced?
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Transferring electrons by rubbing insulators
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Connecting conducting wires in parallel
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Heating a conductor until it glows
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Moving a magnet through a coil
Question 17
What do objects with the same type of charge do?
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They repel
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They attract
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They remain at a fixed distance
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They rotate without moving apart
Question 18
Which equation links potential difference \(V\), current \(I\) and resistance \(R\)?
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\(V = IR\)
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\(V = \frac{I}{R}\)
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\(V = I + R\)
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\(V = \frac{R}{I}\)
Question 19
At constant resistance, what happens to current when potential difference increases?
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It increases
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It decreases
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It stays unchanged
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It alternates direction
Question 20
Why are electrical wires covered with insulation?
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Prevent contact with the conductor
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Increase current through the conductor
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Carry fault current to earth
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Melt when current is excessive
Question 21
A torch uses a \(9\,\mathrm{V}\) battery and a \(3\,\mathrm{\Omega}\) bulb. What current flows?
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\(3\,\mathrm{A}\)
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\(0.33\,\mathrm{A}\)
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\(6\,\mathrm{A}\)
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\(9\,\mathrm{A}\)
Question 22
What is electrical charge measured in?
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Coulomb (C)
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Ampere (A)
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Ohm (Ω)
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Watt (W)
Question 23
How is supply potential difference divided across identical lamps in series?
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Equally between the lamps
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Entirely across the first lamp
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Full supply across each lamp
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According to distance from the cell
Question 24
Why are parallel circuits useful in homes?
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Each branch can work independently
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One switch must control every branch
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Supply voltage is shared between branches
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Adding one branch stops the others
Question 25
Which component is used to change resistance as light level changes?
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LDR
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Diode
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Fuse
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Cell
Question 26
What happens to resistance in a filament lamp as it heats up?
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It increases
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It stays constant as temperature rises
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It decreases as temperature rises
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It depends only on battery voltage
Question 27
Which equation links electrical energy, power and time?
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(E = Pt)
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(E = P/t)
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(E = P+t)
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(E = t/P)
Question 28
A \(60\,\mathrm{W}\) lamp is used for \(10\,\mathrm{s}\). How much energy is transferred?
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\(600\,\mathrm{J}\)
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\(6\,\mathrm{J}\)
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\(60\,\mathrm{J}\)
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\(6000\,\mathrm{J}\)
Question 29
Why must a fuse have the correct rating?
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It melts when current exceeds a safe value
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It melts during the normal operating current
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It raises the current supplied to the appliance
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It carries fault current safely to earth
Question 30
What does an LED do in a circuit?
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It emits light when current flows in the forward direction
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It emits light when current flows in either direction
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It stores charge when current stops flowing
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It measures current when connected in series