Particle Model of Matter questions

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Particle Model of Matter question collection

Review Particle Model of Matter questions for Physics, with correct answers shown and coverage across density and particle arrangement; internal energy; specific heat capacity and latent heat.

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Question 1

For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, which equation holds?
  1. \(pV = \text{constant}\)
  2. \(p = \frac{V}{T}\)
  3. \(pV = T\)
  4. \(V = pT\)

Question 2

A gas has pressure \(120\,\mathrm{kPa}\) at \(2\,\mathrm{m^3}\). If volume falls to \(1\,\mathrm{m^3}\) at the same temperature, what is the pressure?
  1. \(240\,\mathrm{kPa}\)
  2. \(60\,\mathrm{kPa}\)
  3. \(80\,\mathrm{kPa}\)
  4. \(120\,\mathrm{kPa}\)

Question 3

Why does the pressure rise when temperature increases in a sealed gas?
  1. Wall collisions are harder and more frequent
  2. Wall collisions are softer and less frequent
  3. Particles become heavier when heated
  4. The container expands as it is heated

Question 4

Which equation calculates the energy needed to raise temperature?
  1. \(\Delta E = mc\Delta \theta\)
  2. \(\Delta E = mL\)
  3. \(\Delta E = P + t\)
  4. \(\Delta E = \frac{mc}{\Delta \theta}\)

Question 5

How much energy is required to raise \(2\,\mathrm{kg}\) of copper (\(c = 390\,\mathrm{J/(kg\,^\circ C)}\)) by \(60\,\^\circ\mathrm{C}\)?
  1. \(46800\,\mathrm{J}\)
  2. \(4680\,\mathrm{J}\)
  3. \(78000\,\mathrm{J}\)
  4. \(23400\,\mathrm{J}\)

Question 6

Which equation gives the energy for a change of state?
  1. \(E = mL\)
  2. \(E = mc\Delta \theta\)
  3. \(E = Pt\)
  4. \(E = \frac{m}{L}\)

Question 7

How much energy is needed to vaporise \(0.5\,\mathrm{kg}\) of water if \(L_v = 2.3 \times 10^6\,\mathrm{J/kg}\)?
  1. \(1.15 \times 10^6\,\mathrm{J}\)
  2. \(1.15 \times 10^5\,\mathrm{J}\)
  3. \(4.6 \times 10^5\,\mathrm{J}\)
  4. \(2.3 \times 10^6\,\mathrm{J}\)

Question 8

What is specific latent heat of vaporisation?
  1. Energy per kilogram to change liquid to gas
  2. Energy per kilogram to change solid to liquid
  3. Energy per kilogram per degree of warming
  4. Energy released per second by a gas

Question 9

What makes up a substance's internal energy?
  1. Particle kinetic and potential energy
  2. Particle mass and electric charge
  3. Temperature and thermal conductivity
  4. Bulk movement and gravitational energy

Question 10

Why does temperature stay constant while a pure solid melts?
  1. Energy increases particle potential energy
  2. Energy increases particle kinetic energy
  3. Energy leaves the substance as radiation
  4. Particles stop moving until melting finishes

Question 11

Why are most solids denser than their liquids?
  1. Particles are packed more closely
  2. Particles gain mass when solid
  3. Particles move faster when solid
  4. Particles become larger when solid

Question 12

How would you find the density of an irregular object?
  1. Measure mass and displacement volume
  2. Run current through it
  3. Weigh it in vacuum
  4. Measure its surface area

Question 13

Which equation defines density?
  1. \(\rho = \frac{m}{V}\)
  2. \(\rho = mV\)
  3. \(\rho = \frac{V}{m}\)
  4. \(\rho = m + V\)

Question 14

Why do visible smoke particles move randomly in air?
  1. Air molecules collide with them unevenly
  2. Gravity changes direction around them
  3. Their atoms repeatedly change mass
  4. Light waves push each particle equally

Question 15

If the volume of a gas increases at constant temperature, what happens to the pressure?
  1. Decreases
  2. Increases
  3. Stays the same
  4. Becomes zero

Question 16

What happens when gas particles gain average kinetic energy?
  1. Their average speed increases
  2. Their average speed decreases
  3. Their average speed stays unchanged
  4. Their individual masses increase

Question 17

Why does gas pressure fall when volume increases at constant temperature?
  1. Wall collisions become less frequent
  2. Wall collisions become more frequent
  3. Wall collisions become more forceful
  4. Particle kinetic energy increases

Question 18

Convert \(20\,\mathrm{°C}\) to kelvin using \(K = \theta + 273\).
  1. \(293\,\mathrm{K}\)
  2. \(253\,\mathrm{K}\)
  3. \(20\,\mathrm{K}\)
  4. \(293\,\mathrm{°C}\)

Question 19

Why is ice less dense than liquid water?
  1. Its particles form an open lattice with more space
  2. Its particles form a tighter lattice with less space
  3. Its particles lose mass when they freeze
  4. Its particles move faster when they freeze

Question 20

Which change of state is sublimation?
  1. Solid directly to gas
  2. Gas directly to solid
  3. Liquid to gas
  4. Solid to liquid

Question 21

What causes gas pressure on a container wall?
  1. Particle collisions transfer momentum to the wall
  2. Chemical bonds pull continuously on the wall
  3. Sound waves add particles to the container
  4. Particles lose mass whenever they hit the wall

Question 22

At constant temperature, what happens to gas pressure when its volume is halved?
  1. The pressure doubles
  2. The pressure halves
  3. The pressure stays the same
  4. The pressure becomes zero

Question 23

Which temperature scale must be used in gas-law equations?
  1. Kelvin
  2. Celsius
  3. Fahrenheit
  4. Degrees per second

Question 24

Why does air warm when compressed in a bicycle pump?
  1. Work transfers energy to the air
  2. Air loses internal energy
  3. Particles lose kinetic energy
  4. Air changes into a liquid

Question 25

Which measurement technique gives the precise volume of an irregular solid?
  1. Measuring displaced water with a measuring cylinder
  2. Measuring its mass with a balance
  3. Measuring its longest side with a ruler
  4. Measuring its temperature with a thermometer

Question 26

Why does gas pressure rise when volume falls at constant temperature?
  1. Wall collisions become more frequent
  2. Wall collisions become less frequent
  3. Each collision becomes more forceful
  4. The number of gas particles increases

Question 27

How does evaporation differ from boiling?
  1. It occurs at the surface below boiling point
  2. It occurs throughout the liquid at boiling point
  3. It changes gas directly into liquid
  4. It raises every particle to the same speed

Question 28

At constant pressure, what happens to gas volume when kelvin temperature increases?
  1. It increases
  2. It decreases
  3. It stays unchanged
  4. It first decreases then increases

Question 29

What does a flat section on a heating graph usually show?
  1. A change of state
  2. A constant heating power
  3. A falling internal energy
  4. A decreasing particle number

Question 30

What is specific latent heat of fusion?
  1. Energy per kilogram to change solid to liquid
  2. Energy per kilogram to change liquid to gas
  3. Energy per kilogram per degree of warming
  4. Energy released per second by a solid

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Review Particle Model of Matter questions for Physics, with correct answers shown and coverage across density and particle arrangement; internal energy; specific heat capacity and latent heat.

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