Question 1
What is cryptography?
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Encoding information securely
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Building computer hardware
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Creating spreadsheet formulas
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Connecting network cables
Question 2
What is plaintext?
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The readable message
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A public key
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A compressed file
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A binary image
Question 3
What is ciphertext?
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The encrypted message
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The unencrypted message
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A network address
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A chart label
Question 4
What does encryption convert?
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Plaintext to ciphertext
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Ciphertext to plaintext
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Text to image
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Binary to decimal
Question 5
What does decryption convert?
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Ciphertext to plaintext
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Plaintext to ciphertext
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Image to audio
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Data to formulas
Question 6
What is a key in cryptography?
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A value used to encrypt or decrypt data
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A value used to identify a database record
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A value used to count loop repetitions
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A value used to locate a network device
Question 7
With a Caesar shift of 1, what does A become?
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B
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Z
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C
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1
Question 8
What does frequency analysis compare?
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How often symbols occur in ciphertext
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How long encryption takes to run
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How many messages use the same key
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How large the encrypted file becomes
Question 9
The Enigma machine was used in which war?
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World War II
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The 1990s web era
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The first smartphone launch
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Victorian schools
Question 10
Where was Enigma cracked?
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Bletchley Park
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Silicon Valley
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NASA Houston
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MIT Lab
Question 11
What is Alan Turing best known for?
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Helping to break Enigma
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Helping to invent the World Wide Web
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Helping to design the first mechanical computer
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Helping to write the first computer algorithm
Question 12
Which process describes a rail fence cipher?
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Writing in a zigzag, then reading rows
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Shifting letters by a fixed amount
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Replacing letters with one fixed mapping
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Hashing the message to a fixed length
Question 13
What happens to letter frequencies in a transposition cipher?
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They stay the same
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Common letters become rare
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All letters become equally frequent
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The first letter becomes most frequent
Question 14
How does HTTPS protect web traffic?
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By encrypting it
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By compressing images
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By adding extra RAM
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By using local caching
Question 15
What is phishing?
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Deceptive messages that steal information
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Malware that encrypts files for ransom
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Repeated guesses at a password
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Traffic that overwhelms a service
Question 16
What does ransomware do?
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Locks files, demanding payment
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Speeds up quizzes
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Improves Wi-Fi signal
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Adds spreadsheet charts
Question 17
What is a brute-force attack?
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Trying many possible keys until one works
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Replacing each letter with a symbol once
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Sending plaintext with no key
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Sharing a private key publicly
Question 18
What does a hash function produce?
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A fixed-length hash value
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A reversible encrypted message
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A public/private key pair
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A compressed image file
Question 19
What does a transposition cipher do?
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Rearranges the plaintext symbols
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Replaces each plaintext symbol
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Converts plaintext into a hash
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Compresses repeated plaintext symbols
Question 20
In frequency analysis, what might the most common ciphertext symbol represent?
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A common plaintext letter
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The letter shifted furthest
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The first plaintext letter
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The final letter of the key
Question 21
With a Caesar shift of 3, what does X become?
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A
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U
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Y
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Z
Question 22
What is the key for a Caesar cipher?
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The number of alphabet positions shifted
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The first letter in the message
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The total number of message letters
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The number of symbols in the alphabet
Question 23
Why should a password not be stored as plaintext?
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A data leak could reveal the original password
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It makes password recovery impossible
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It stops users choosing passwords
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It prevents encryption being used
Question 24
What best protects an online account?
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A long, unique password
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A short password used elsewhere
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Your date of birth
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Your first name
Question 25
What should you do about inappropriate content online?
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Report it
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Share it with others
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Reply to the sender
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Delete your own account